Fractional flow reserve (FFR) is a technique used in coronary catheterization to measure pressure differences across a coronary artery stenosis (narrowing, usually due to atherosclerosis) to determine the likelihood that the stenosis impedes oxygen delivery to the heart muscle (myocardial ischemia).[1] Fractional flow reserve is defined as the pressure after (distal to) a stenosis relative to the pressure before the stenosis. The result is an absolute number; an FFR of 0.80 means that a given stenosis causes a 20% drop in blood pressure. In other words, FFR expresses the maximal flow down a vessel in the presence of a stenosis compared to the maximal flow in the hypothetical absence of the stenosis.

Vascular closure devices are cardiac devices used to achieve closure of the small hole in the artery after a cardiovascular procedure of endovascular surgery requiring a catheterization. Cardiovascular procedures requiring catheterization include diagnostic procedures that help diagnose diseased blood vessels and interventional procedures such as angioplasty, the placement of a stent through the femoral artery to gain access to the coronary artery. At the completion of the procedure, the hole needs to be closed.

In the rotablator procedure, a catheter is introduced and advanced to the coronary artery over the guide wire cross the stenosis inside the coronary artery. The drill head is used to remove plaque deposits. The guide wire is used to advance a balloon and/or a stent to the site of the stenosis. This rotablator technique is especially useful in patients who have lot of calcium deposited in their heart artery blockages as these calcified blockages are unable to open with plain balloon. Removing calcium from the blockages also helps in positioning and deploying the stent appropriately.

Why do you need a pacemaker specialist Pacemakers are temporary or permanent, a medical device which uses electrical impulses, delivered by electrodes for contracting the heart muscles, to regulate the beating of the heart. The primary purpose of the pacemaker is to maintain an adequate heart rate, either because the heart's natural pacemaker is not fast enough, or because there is a block in the heart's electrical conduction system. Modern pacemakers are externally programmable and allow a cardiologist to select the optimum pacing modes for individual patients. Some combine a pacemaker and defibrillator in a single implantable pacemaker device. Some pacemakers have multiple electrodes stimulating differing positions within the heart to improve synchronization of the lower chambers or ventricles of the heart.Sometimes it is a complex procedure when you have a senior patient, Dr Vijay Bang is a specialist in pace maker implant.

Catheter based, transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), also known as transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). The replacement valve is delivered via one of several access methods like, a) transfemoral (in the upper leg), b) transapical (through the wall of the heart), c) subclavian (beneath the collar bone), d) direct aortic (through a minimally invasive surgical incision into the aorta), and d) transcaval (from a temporary hole in the aorta near the belly button through a vein in the upper leg). Severe symptomatic aortic stenosis carries a poor prognosis. Until recently, surgical aortic valve replacement has been the standard of care in adults with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis. However, the risks associated with surgical aortic valve replacement are increased in elderly patients and those with concomitant severe systolic heart failure or coronary artery disease, as well as in people with comorbidities such as cerebrovascular and peripheral arterial disease, chronic kidney disease, and chronic respiratory dysfunction specially in octogenarian patients. TAVI (Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation) procedure is a minimally invasive procedure that replaces the aortic valve in the heart. Aortic valve stenosis, also known as aortic stenosis, occurs when the aortic valve narrows. This narrowing prevents the valve from opening fully, which reduces or blocks blood flow from your heart to the rest of your body via the main artery (aorta). Symptoms include breathlessness, chest pain, black-outs or heart failure. In certain circumstances, procedures or surgery to either repair or replace the valve may be prescribed as treatment options for aortic stenosis. TAVI involves a new valve being inserted without the need for open heart surgery. It may be suitable for people who are high risk for conventional surgical replacement and with heart team decision. One day stay and procedure done under local anaesthetic and next day discharge It's life saving procedure Two year death rate is 50% in patients severe aortic stenosis with symptoms angina, syncope and breathlessness

About Coronary Angioplasty and why you need the best angioplasty doctor The Percutaneous coronary angioplasty (PTCA or PCI) is a non-surgical procedure used to treat narrowing (stenosis or blockages) of the coronary arteries of the heart found which supplies blood to the heart. The procedure uses coronary catheterization to visualize the blood vessels on X-ray imaging. After this, an interventional cardiologist can perform a coronary angioplasty, using a balloon catheter in which a deflated balloon is advanced into the obstructed artery and inflated to relieve the narrowing; certain devices such as coronary stents or scaffolds can be deployed to keep the blood vessel open. Various other procedures on the heart and cardiovascular vessels can also be performed.Dr Bang is considered among top angioplasty doctors in Lilavati hospital, Mumbai. Primary angioplasty (PPCI) is the very urgent use of angioplasty in people with acute myocardial infarction (heart attack), especially where there is evidence of severe heart damage on the electrocardiogram (ST elevation MI). PPCI is also used in people after other forms of myocardial infarction or unstable angina where there is a high risk of further events. Finally, PCI may be used in people with stable angina pectoris, particularly if the symptoms are difficult to control with medication. PCI is an alternative to coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG, bypass surgery), by long open heart operation under general anaesthesia, bypasses are done on the stenotic arteries by grafting vessels from elsewhere in the body under the certain circumstances when extensive blockages, usually in diabetes so called CABG or bypass surgery. To analyze and to give you the best advise you need the best angioplasty doctor.

Doing a good angiography is also not an easy task. People search for the best angiography doctors in Mumbai or in India and that is when they call Dr Bang. So what is Angiography - Angiography is a cardiovascular imaging technique used to visualize the blood vessels of the heart and cardiovascular system which supplies blood to the vital organs and the whole body, with specific interest in the arteries, veins, and the heart chambers. This is traditionally done by injecting a radio-opaque contrast agent into the blood vessel and imaging is done using X-ray based techniques such as fluoroscopy. One of the most common angiographies performed is to visualize the blood in the coronary arteries which supply blood to the heart. A sterile, long, thin, flexible tube called a catheter are used to administer the X-ray contrast agent at the desired area to visualize any abnormality exists or not. The catheter is threaded on the atraumatic wire into an artery through groin or forearm artery and is advanced through the arterial system to selectively engage coronary artery or any other artery of the interest. X-ray images of radio-contrast distribution within the blood flowing inside the coronary arteries allows visualization of the size of the artery and the blockages. The whole procedure is done without any general anaesthesia or stitches and its practically a painless procedure. Presence or absence of atherosclerosis or atheroma within the walls of the arteries can be clearly determined.When you think of engaging the best angiography doctor in Mumbai then write to us or call now.

The Cardiology is a branch of cardiac medicine dealing with diseases of the heart as well as parts of the blood circulatory system. The field includes cardiac diagnosis and treatment of coronary artery disease (blockages of the heart artery), valvular heart disease, congenital heart disease, hypertension (High BP), heart failure and electrical rhythm abnormalities.Dr Vijay Bang is the top cardiologist of Mumbai, who offers second opinion to many international patients and Indian patines those who have suffred acute heart attacks. He is also considered as a - Go to cardiologist among the seniors in Mumbai.